UK Citizenship Test 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

The movement against the authority of the Pope during Henry VIII's reign is referred to as the Reformation. This period marked significant religious upheaval and change in England, primarily initiated by Henry VIII when he sought to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. His request was denied by Pope Clement VII, leading Henry to break away from the Roman Catholic Church and establish the Church of England, in which the monarch held supremacy over religious matters.

The Reformation was characterized by a shift in religious authority from the Pope to the sovereign, as well as a movement towards Protestantism, which emphasized individual interpretation of the scriptures and reduced the power of the clergy. This was not only a religious transformation but also led to social and political changes within England and across Europe.

The other options, while notable historical movements, do not directly pertain to the conflict with the Pope during Henry VIII's time. The Counter-Reformation was a response by the Catholic Church to the Protestant Reformation, the Renaissance was a cultural and intellectual revival that emphasized art and humanism, and the Enlightenment was an intellectual movement focusing on reason and individualism, occurring later in the 17th and 18th centuries.